Transit analyticsFoundational

Campus Bus Load Curves by Time of Day

Transit demand becomes legible when bus pings and load observations are aggregated into daily route curves.

TransitData visualizationRutgersTime series

Site connection

The Rutgers Bus Analysis project collected PassioGO data and analyzed route load, speed, loop time, and capacity patterns.

Visual model

Route demand pulses

Move through the day and watch route loads peak at different times.

Interactive

Class schedules create visible transit demand pulses

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From Pings to Curves

A real-time bus feed produces many small observations: bus identity, route, position, timestamp, and sometimes load.

A load curve groups those observations by route and time bucket so patterns become visible.

Why Time of Day Matters

Campus transit is shaped by synchronized class schedules. Ten minutes before and after class changes can look very different from the middle of a lecture block.

A route can be efficient on average while still failing during narrow peaks.

MetricQuestion it answers
Average loadHow crowded is the route?
Loop timeHow long does a bus take to return?
SpeedWhere does the route slow down?
Active busesIs supply matching demand?

Common Pitfalls

  • Averaging across the full day and hiding class-change spikes.
  • Treating GPS pings as evenly spaced when polling or connectivity can vary.
  • Comparing routes without considering route length.
  • Ignoring missing data during outages or low-signal periods.

Quick check

Quiz

Why bucket bus observations by time?
  1. To remove all uncertainty
  2. To reveal daily demand patterns
  3. To hide route differences
  4. To avoid plotting data

Time buckets turn noisy pings into route-level curves that can be compared.

Sources and Further Reading

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